Research Paper on Air Suspension System Essay Example

Research Paper on Air Suspension System Essay Air suspension is a suspension system that uses the compression of gas, here in the form of compressed air, for the suspension travel. The spring elements consist of air bellows filled with air of a compressor, which is usually driven by the vehicle engine. Advantages of air suspension over conventional steel springs are comfortable ride quality and continuously variable level control. Via the control valves, the pressure in the air bellows depending on load. Those who are about to write a research paper on the topic have to know that air suspension was introduced on Cadillac Eldorado Brougham model year 1957. The system was then offered as an option on several other American car brands in the late 1950s, but reliability problems meant that the system quickly disappeared again. Air suspension was also used in German luxury cars, such as the Borgward P100, Mercedes-Benz 300 SEL and Mercedes-Benz 600 in the 1960s. The complexity and the high cost of production, coupled with the development of ever-improving conventional suspension system meant that the air suspension system never became popular for use in normal everyday cars. We will write a custom essay sample on Research Paper on Air Suspension System specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Research Paper on Air Suspension System specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Research Paper on Air Suspension System specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The air suspension reappeared in the late 1990s as an option for the Mercedes-Benz S-Class. Nowadays most premium brands offer suspension system for their car models. Air springs are also used in heavy vehicles. By continually adjust the suspension for the load weight of a truck is improved both comfort for the driver and the load on the roadway. The air suspension system provides greater softness for your truck, car, van, or recreational vehicle. Driveability problems caused by heavy or improperly distributed loads can be quickly corrected simply by adding or removing the air from the system and can be controlled from inside the vehicle, including during moving. On modern buses used air suspension often used to regulate the height of the bus floor and the bus stop at the service. The air suspension system is also used to display that vehicles can be walked in with a very low vehicle height. Modern trains and trams are usually equipped with air suspension between the bogie and the car body. It is used to improve the ride comfort as well as automatic level control. This means that passenger trains floors are kept in line with the railway station platforms at the service. Currently the price of an air suspension kit is still very expensive, but very rewarding. A complete kit costs $ 2500 to $ 3500. To have a simpler kit without the compressor will cost you $ 1500 to U.S. $ 2500. The difference is that without the compressor cylinder the system does not fill itself with air automatically, and therefore the user has to fill it with air. Use free sample research papers on air suspension system to find out the most important moments of the topic. Are you looking for a top-notch custom research paper about Air Suspension System? Is confidentiality as important to you as the high quality of the product? Try our writing service at EssayLib.com! We can offer you professional assistance at affordable rates. Our experienced PhD and Master’s writers are ready to take into account your smallest demands. We guarantee you 100% authenticity of your paper and assure you of dead on time delivery. Proceed with the order form: Please, feel free to visit us at EssayLib.com and learn more about our service!

Pros and Cons of Using Lectures as a Teaching Method

Pros and Cons of Using Lectures as a Teaching Method Lecturing is a time-tested instructional method where an instructor who possesses the knowledge on a given topic delivers all relevant information to students verbally. This model dates back to Medieval Ages representing an  oral tradition  in contrast to providing information in print or other media. In fact, the word lecture came into use during the  14th century as a verb, to read or deliver formal discourses. The person presenting the lecture was called a reader because information  in a book was read to students who would then copy the information all down. During a typical lecture, an instructor stands before a class and presents information for the students to learn, but this method of teaching tends to get a bad reputation today. Thanks to the infusion of technology, instructors have the ability to provide a multi-media learning experience, by working to incorporate sound, visuals, activities, and even games into a classroom learning experience, and even provide opportunities for flipped classroom formats.   So, does that mean that lectures no longer have a place in todays teaching landscape? There are a number of factors that can make a lecture successful or unsuccessful. These factors can include the acoustics in the room, the dynamic quality of the lecturer and his ability to hold an audiences attention, the length of lecture, topic and amount of information intended to be shared.   Lecture Pros Lectures are a straightforward way to provide information knowledge to students quickly. In a lecture, instructors have greater control over what is being taught in the classroom because they are the sole source of information. Students who are auditory learners may find that lectures appeal to their learning style. Most college courses are lecture-based, and as a result, many high school teachers imitate this style to prepare their students for the college lecture. Far from being a Medieval way to deliver information, the modern lecture can be very engaging. Many educational institutions now offer faculty recorded lectures for students. Massive Open Online Courses have video lectures available on every subject. There are a number of schools that record teachers in lectures or that use pre-recorded lectures to support flipped classrooms or for remediating students who may have missed materials.  Khan Academy  videos are examples of short lectures on topics students need to review. There are also popular lecture series that have been recorded for general viewing and then used in classrooms. One of the most popular lecture series on  culture  is offered through the non-profit organization  TED Talks  with their series for schools, TED-Ed. The TED Conferences that host  these talks began in 1984 as a means to spread ideas in Technology, Entertainment, and Design. This style of short lectures delivered by dynamic speakers became popular, and there are now hundreds of recorded lectures or talks on the TED website in over 110 languages.   Lecture Cons Students are expected to take notes while listening to a lecture. During a lecture, there is no discussion. The only exchange that may occur between the instructor and students might be a few scattered questions from listeners. Therefore, students who are not auditory learners or have other learning styles  may not be as engaged by lectures. Such students may have a harder time absorbing the material. Students who are weak in note-taking skills may have trouble summarizing or in identifying the main points they should remember from lectures. Some students may find lectures boring; the  length can cause them to lose interest. Because the instructor does all the talking, students may not feel that they are able to ask questions as they arise during lectures. Lectures do not meet the criteria in many teacher evaluation programs, such as in the Marzano or Danielson models. In those evaluation domains that rate classroom instruction, lectures are categorized as teacher-centered. They do not provide the opportunities for students to formulate many questions, initiate topics, or challenge one another’s thinking. There is no evidence of student inquiry or student contributions. During a lecture, there is no grouping for differentiation. The most important reason to reconsider the use of the lecture is that the instructor does not have the immediate opportunity to assess how much students are understanding. There is little to no opportunity for exchanges. Other Considerations Effective lectures need to be well organized and cover only what students can absorb during a given class period. Selectivity and organization are keys to effective lectures. Lectures are also only one tool in a teachers instructional arsenal. As with all the other tools, lectures should only be used when most appropriate. Instruction should be varied from day to day to help reach the greatest number of students. Teachers should help students beef up their  note-taking skills  before they start presenting lectures. Instructors should also help students understand verbal clues and learn methods of organizing and  taking notes. Some schools suggest providing a handout listing key points of the days lecture to help students focus on the major concepts to be covered. Preparatory work should be  conducted before a lecture even begins. These  steps are key to helping students be successful and fully understand the subject and content the teacher hopes to convey. A lecture may be necessary to improve student understanding, but a steady stream of lectures does not allow for an instructor to differentiate for a students needs or assess a students understanding. On balance, lectures should be implemented less often than other instructional strategies.

Impact and Effectiveness of three Leadership Styles in Contemporary Research Paper

Impact and Effectiveness of three Leadership Styles in Contemporary Clinical Practice - Research Paper Example It is evident that different leadership qualities and leader behaviors would be most important in dealing with different clinical situations that are faced by the leaders in practice. Thinking from the context of nursing, some clinical situations would demand fast actions and quick response and thinking. In contrast, some others would need an allowance of time due to its complex nature. The best solution then may come from careful consideration of different facets of the situation that poses a problem. The literature on leadership theories identifies different qualities and behavioral patterns of effective nurse leaders (Cummings et al., 2008). The type of leadership or its style has been explained by the behavioral theories of leadership. According to this theory, the style of leadership is indicated by behavioral theories. The first of them is authoritarian leadership. This has also been called as an autocratic, directive, or controlling leadership. As evident from the name, the authoritarian gives orders and thus would make the decision for the group as a whole. Therefore, there is a chance of imposition of her decision on that of the group. Consequently, most of the responsibilities of outcome fall on her. This is an efficient way of leadership, but imposition would constrict the creativity and thoughts or ideas of the individual members of the group. Therefore new ways of executing the work would remain unexplored. Moreover, there can be an idea that since the leader is responsible and is taking decisions, there would be a lack of ownership and inhibition of motivation. There are certain clinical situations where autho ritarian leadership is necessary for the clinical practice, where the leader must ensure all the group members follow the same principles in care. For example, if there is a high incidence of hospital-acquired infection in the intensive care unit, and there is a perceived need to follow the infection control policy in practice which includes stringent hand washing of the nurses, the leader must enforce compulsory hand washing for the team. Depending on the gravity of the situation and implications on patient safety, the autocratic leader may decide to be either punitive or benign. In this style of leadership, the team members will have less freedom with the leader having high control.  Ã‚  

Ecological Services Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Ecological Services - Coursework Example Access to green vegetation to both rural and urban inhabitants and availability of inherent medicinal resources is one of the benefits of naturally occurring resources. The concept also entails natural processes such as pollination of crops and climatic regulation. Ecological system concept includes enhancement of stable and vibrant economy in the form of raw materials for industrial processes, provision of recreational facilities such as tourism. Finally, the concept entails benefits associated with educational and cultural paybacks, wellness and motivation from interrelating with nature. In summary, the concept of ecological systems can be summed up into major functionalities such as regulation, provision, and cultural aspects in the process of adding value to individuals. The processes mentioned entail the most basic functions of the ecosystem in entirety. From the â€Å"Ecological Services of Rivers,† the most important services include the formation of the bacterial bodies and human bodies. From the lecture notes, it is stated, â€Å"Humans are comprised of nearly 60 percent water by aggregate measure, and we depend on water, not only for our endurance, but for our benefit.† The implication of this is that humans cannot survive without water. Water gives life to humans because it aids even in the formation of the body cells of humans. According to the lecture notes, it is intimated â€Å"All life forms, from unicellular bacteria to multi-cellular plants and animals, contain water.† Humans are the multi-cellular being and are dependent on water for the basic formation of cells and composition of the body. Another vital service is the provision of food to the living organisms including humans. Food can only be available when pollination takes place in plants. The plants also purify the environment, therefore, providing a favorable environment for undertaking of economic

Case Study - woman Raped while in coma Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

- woman Raped while in coma - Case Study Example Using the RESOLVEDD method, the first item that must be expounded on is the review of the facts. There is a need to know the details of the rape. When was the rape consummated, who were the people or staff in the facility at the time of the rape and was there any staff in particular who was assigned to the woman at that time. Information as to whether there were other visitors of the other patients present at that time need to be determined. The policies of the facility regarding who can enter a patient’s room must be scrutinized too. The second step that must be done is to estimate or specify the problem presented in the case. The major problem in this case is what to do with the baby. Should the baby be aborted or should it be allowed to live? Will the current state of health of the woman permit her to rear a child? If the baby is not aborted, whose responsibility is it to take care of the baby? Another issue to be resolved is whether the facility has a responsibility to tak e care of the baby? There are several solutions that may be considered in this case.

Positive and Negative Effects of Swimming and Running

Positive and Negative Effects of Swimming and Running Quynh Ho Health in Your Choice Swimming and running are considered as two popular activities sport. Every activity is very good; especially, both swimming and running are beneficial to your health. However, experts often analyze which has more advantages: swimming or walking? By Alex Hutchinson in â€Å"Whats better: 30 minutes of swimming or running†, he said that spending 30 minutes swimming is better than running. The thing is swimming can be better than running in some ways. Whether you are children or adult, it is a great sport that may bring more benefits than the advantages of running without having a joint or injury to the heart, and athletes lose weight safely. To begin with, running may have risks on knees. Most runners have heard that â€Å"Youre going to ruin your knees! (Keri Bond 1). We cannot deny the fact that most runners often suffer trauma-related activities in their careers and lead injuries are more common in the knees. Running is a sport that has high impact, so many people such as runners do not avoid the injury during running. The article â€Å"Exercising with Osteoporosis: Stay Active the Safe Way† by Mayo Clinic staff showed that â€Å"Activities such as jumping, running or jogging can lead to fractures in weakened bones† (2). It points out that people who run suffer from stiffness in their knees. Thus, the vital reason to explain for this problem in runners’ knees is collision. According to Keri Bond in â€Å" The Effect of Running on the Knees†, â€Å"Each time your foot makes contact with the ground, forces equaling two to four times your body weight travel upward through your lower leg, kne e, thigh, hip and pelvis, and into your spine† ( 1). Therefore, the entire weight of the body will be pushed down to the knees and legs while they are running. The weight of the body makes the exposure or the impact from the knee to the ground is very big and strong, so they can make a knee injury. Thus, knees injuries may seem like elusive injure in runners. Because of knee pain or the constant impact will lead to a knee replacement, many people decide to stop running. Other runners have serious problems in using their leg throughout the rest of their life. Moreover, womens knees are more susceptible to injury than men, because their wider pelvis, leg alignment, joint looseness and general muscle strength (Keri Bond 1). For this reason, women should be more cautious to prevent this injury. Unlike running, swimming will reduce risks of knees injury. The weight of the water does not reduce the pressure on the joints eliminates the possibility of the knees and the other muscle groups take part in in activities other than strong impact. Several survey have published that swimming will bring great advantages to the knees. A study demonstrated in the Arthritis Care Research journal found that diseased individual in the water will implement more effective pain relief than people who practiced on the coast (1). Thus, water exercise will gain the use of knees joint help perform better. The three reasons work-out water to be good for knees. First, lot muscle groups will be used, especially the use of arm and leg muscles while swimming. Second, swimming helps build their muscle. Third, the joints will continue to operate and help them stronger thanks to the pressure from the water. Secondly, another crucial risk of running is directly in the heart. It points out that the effort to bring about serious consequences damage to their heart. A new report was published in Mayo Clinic Proceedings suggests that the athletes put damage on their heart increase over time when they are running a long- distance. It can cause a buildup of scar tissue on the heart, which can lead to the development of patchy myocardial fibrosis in up to 12% of marathon runner† ( OMara 1). For instance, â€Å"on July 20, 1984, Jim Fixx was a consummate runner- on his routine 10 mile run, he suffered a fatal heart attack† ( Ebert 1). He passed at the age of 52. Moreover, his death was not the only issue for this situation. A story about Micah True, who was the marathoner, occurred in April this year, suffered heart attacks during a race was updated in the news. Running has damaged heart of both 58-year-old man, Micah True and Jim Fixx because of heart attacks. Their heart function i s reduced when the runners do stubborn exercise, as a result, it damages their heart and the risk of dying from heart attack is very possible with a runner. Running is dangerous the heart, on the contrary, swimming is good for it. Because swimmings activities are less demand on the heart than running, their heart rate won’t go up as high. That means â€Å"heart rate is lower by10 to 20 beats per minute† (Wellness 1). While they are swimming, the movement of the water will make the blood flow from the heart to brain better. Consequence, swimming will help to â€Å"increase the heart rate† and â€Å"improve heart health† effectively (Borboa 1). Berkeley Wellness, author of article â€Å"Why is Swimming is so Good for You,† asserted that â€Å"If you’re looking for exercise that improves heart and lung capacity, but is gentle on your joints, swimming is a top choice. Therefore, practicing this activity 3-4 days per week can avoid the risk of heart disease and stroke. As Andre Jackson explain, â€Å"Swimming is generally regarded as a great way to help you to improve your heart rate and blood flow and to help maintain a healthy weight† (1). Thus, swimming is the best method to reduce joint problems and cardiovascular disease. In addition, lose weight seems to be an indispensable advantage of swimming. Unlike running, swimming brings interests for the whole body and is a good choice to improve overall fitness. According to experts, swimming is a good way to lose weight by work-out result to every parts of body is operated in a flexible way from limbs to abs and back. This process requires swimmer to consume a large amount of calories, the energy loss can be transformed from fat accumulation in the body. The impact of water combined with physical activity as a massage therapist and fitness combined, all body parts and movement helps tone muscles, blood circulation, and especially burns body fats. An article â€Å"The Health Benefits of Swimming† by The Life script Editorial Staff showed that â€Å"On average, a swimmer can burn as many calories in an hour as a runner who runs six miles in one hour. Simply put, some call swimming the perfect form of exercise.† That is true because swimming is a n aerobic exercise with impact and lowest pressure on the joints; it combines using muscle in the same time as the arms, legs, back, and abdomen. Consequently, the best method loses weight by swimming sports are widely applied. However, not everyone recognized that swimming is better than running. In the articleâ€Å"16 Reasons Why Running is Better Than Swimming (Jennies Rebuttal)† by Jennie Hansen, she focuses on giving her own ideas about 16 reasons why running is better than swimming. When she is running, she sees some benefits that swimming could not bring to such as she can look and listen to everything around and breathe in the air. Her winter running clothes are better, and her hair is not gnarly. She does not pay money. Her run form does not need high level, and she will not happen something when she stop running and..etc. Thus, in her article, she only gives benefits outside of running and does not tend to swimming’s benefits about health. Her analysis about running is better swimming is not really exact. That can be true when swimming cannot bring benefits outside as running that she wants but exercise should be analyzed whether it is good or not it must base on its benefit about he alth. So, her ideas will be wrong when she gives a conclusion that running is better than swimming. Running can burn many calories than swimming but running fast can be the risk of knees, joints injury and heart. Besides, heat stroke can easy happen with any runner if they do not know how to control their temperature during running process. Demonstrating the dangers of running does not mean that totally negate the benefits of itself bring for athletes. But considering risk issues in a workout, swimming is less likely to occur. Even if you have to take a little pressure from the water, it is less likely to make your heart stroke. Theres no ground impact from swimming, so it can protect your joints, maintain your breath from stress. Moreover, swimming also helps people lose weight easier. It burns lots of calories, anywhere about 590 calories per hour depending on how efficiently you swim. Many people think that running is a great method to lose weight. It is true because running will need a lot of power and burn many calories than swimming but dangers of body coccus anytime. But when you use a lot power in body, you can have to face with dangerous health. So, if you want to lose weight quickly, you can increase hours of swimming to get effective in losing weight. Besides, because theres no impact with swimming, swimming can be continued for a lifetime. Even if you are 93 years old, you still can swim but running has troubles in this problem. You can see this evidence in the United States Masters Swimming (http://www.usms.org/) a web site for age categories of their swim competitions. Indeed, swimming is a good exercise and brings many benefits. It can satisfy all rigorous requirements of athletes or those people want to lose weight with health’s safe. Thus, to consider running or swimming is better, you should be based on benefits and danger themselves. Not only that, some people argue that swimming has more risks than running in exercise. First thing, swimming is not good for skin because† most swimming pools contain chlorine, a gaseous element that helps keep the pool free of bacteria and debris. Undiluted chlorine is highly toxic and caustic..Swimming in a chlorinated pool can dry out your skin and make it feel tight and itchy because the chlorine strips your skin of its natural oils. People with sensitive skin might even get irritation or a rash from the pools drying effects† ( Sarah 1). Our skin often secretes organic acids to keep skin soft, smooth and protected from the harmful effects of the bacteria from the environment. The more contact with water or soak in water for too long will cause the acid leaching; making the skin becomes rough, prone to irritation and injury. Moreover, chemicals in pool water absorbs sunlight, even when its not sunny, we can still endured from the â€Å"harmful effects of ultraviolet rays†. This becomes more and more dangerous in the period to go swimming because the body exposed to sunlight and ultraviolet radiation. It can cause skin pigmentation, gray, dry skin, peeling, blistering and even can lead to skin cancer. Besides, swimming is also negatively effects to the eye. When swimming, the eye often contacts direct with water, so eyes will quickly compromised by the bacteria. â€Å"The spread of conjunctivitis from pool usage because even in chemically treated water, the chlorine does not kill all the germs, nor does it kill germs instantly (â€Å"Protecting Your Eyes in a Swimming Pool† 1) . So when they swim in pool, if germs transferred from person to person, eyes may become red, confess, and look blurred. However, despite these risks, swimming is better than running because swimming will decrease risks of knees injury, be good for heart and lose weight safe. In conclusion, both sport swimming and running carry its own benefits itself. Although swimming brings negative effects, the risks can occur during exercise, the swimming brings fewer risks. Swimming is not only limited the risks of knee injury and heart but it also is an effective way to lose weight without using too much energy in the body like running. Works Cited Admin. Does Water Polo Burn More Calories than Swimming? Does Water Polo Burn More Calories than Swimming? Admin, n.d. Web. 20 July 2014. http://www.dietnutritionadvisor.com/does-water-polo-burn-more-calories-than-swimming>. Bond, Keri. The Effect of Running on the Knees. The Effect of Running on the Knees. Keri Bond, n.d. Web. 6 Jan. 2014. http://www.livestrong.com/article/526736-running-how-it-affects-your-knees/>. Borboa, Michele MS. 5 Best Exercises to Improve Heart Health. 5 Best Exercises to Improve Heart Health. Michele Borboa, MS, n.d. Web. 15 Feb. 2011. http://www.sheknows.com/health-and-wellness/articles/814921/5-best-exercises-to-improve-heart-health-1>. Clinic, Mayo. Exercising with osteoporosis: Stay active the safe way. Exercising with Osteoporosis: Stay Active the Safe Way. Mayo Clinic, n.d. Web. 1 Jan. 2014. http://www.riversideonline.com/health_reference/Womens-Health/HQ00643.cfm>. Ebert, Benjamin. The Runners Heart. The Runners Heart. Benjamin Ebert, n.d. Web. 1 Sept. 2013. http://www.runnersworld.com/injury-treatment/runners-heart>. Jashon, Andre. 5 Key Benefits of Swimming. 5 Key Benefits of Swimming. Andre Jashon, n.d. Web. 30 Jan. 2014. http://www.mensfitness.co.uk/exercises/3828/5-key-benefits-of-swimming>. Metzker, Sarah Erdemir. The Effects of Swimming on Swimmers Hair Skin. The Effects of Swimming on Swimmers Hair Skin. Sarah Metzker Erdemir, n.d. Web. 19 Dec. 2013. http://www.livestrong.com/article/144066-the-effects-swimming-swimmers-hair-skin/>. OMara, Kelly. How Much Running Is Bad for Your Heart? How Much Running Is Bad for Your Heart? Kelly OMara, n.d. Web. 29 Jan. 2012. http://running.competitor.com/2012/06/news/how-much-running-is-bad-for-your-heart_54331>. Protecting Your Eyes in a Swimming Pool. Protecting Your Eyes in a Swimming Pool. Eye Health, n.d. Web. 3 July 2014. http://www.uptowneyecare.com/eyes-swimming-pool/>. Wellness, Berkeley. Why Swimming Is so Good for You. Why Swimming Is so Good for You. Berkeley Wellness, n.d. Web. 1 Aug. 2011. http://www.berkeleywellness.com/fitness/active-lifestyle/article/why-swimming-so-good-you>. William, Travis. Exercise Can Help Your Joint Pain and Athritis. Exercise Can Help Your Joint Pain and Athritis. Travis William, n.d. Web. 1 Jan. 2014. http://www.mdmh.org/getpage.php?name=William_Exercise_can_help_joint_pain_arthritis>.

Responsibilities Essay -- essays research papers fc

Life is full of adventure and triumph, but sometimes the grass is not greener on the other side. Sometimes many sacrifices must be made in order to accomplish our own goals. We may all have duties that we have to deal with just to make it by, but we can acknowledge them through our personal experiences. In, Of Mice and Men, John Steinbeck creates symbolism through George's journey leading him to the eventual realization that everyone has responsibilities. Many themes occur throughout the novel, but one can apply to everyone: we all have tasks we must perform in order to achieve a better life. Initially, this theme becomes apparent through Candy and his dog, "' That dog ain't no good to himself. I wisht somebody'd shoot me if I got old an' a cripple'" (Steinbeck 45). The theme is you gotta do what you gotta do. Candy recognizes that it is his responsibility to put down his dog. It is the same with George when he has to kill Lennie: he knows that he will miss him, but he also knows that it must be done. Similarly, one critic agrees that actions such as, the dog being shot out of Candy's compulsion, predict the future demise of Lennie (Lisca). Lennie does not understand why certain things cannot be done and it only causes trouble for him. George comprehends his duty towards society, and the sacrifice that must be made in order to achieve his own utopia. Our own duties can become clear when we relate to this conceptual them e. ...